This article reveals the importance of children’s experimentation in the development of children. The article describes the concept of «experimentation», which is considered as one of the leading activities of preschool children. The article presents the views of various authors on the specifics of the organization of experimental activities, reveals the theoretical and practical foundations of the implementation of this process. Attention is drawn to the specifics, tasks and types of children’s experimentation. The structure of children’s experiments is described, and the requirements for the objects of work are specified. According to its title, the article pays special attention to the main pedagogical conditions that must be taken into account by the teacher when organizing the experimental activities of children. In addition to this, various forms and methods of working with children, methods of stimulating preschoolers to display cognitive activity and independence, as well as including them in the process of experimentation and search activities are presented.