The article discusses the problem of the formation of the cognitive thesaurus of the developed theory of the cultural code, defines some aesthetic-communicative strategies of the literary discourse of Kazakhstan. It is noted that in the implementation of these strategies a specific role is played by specific epistemes– cultural codes. The cultural code is defined as a significant semiotic unit of text included in its conceptual core. Such concepts of the theory of cultural code as philosophical, ideological, conceptual core, ethnostereotype, heterotopic markers, detailed multicultural landscape and others receive terminological design. The thesis of knowledge of the world and understanding of history, modernity, the possible future through the universalization of the art world, multiculturalism, complex narrative structures is substantiated. The specificity of a historical narrative is analyzed with its characteristic capacious referential mode, involving the reader in the active communicative process of decoding narrated events, cultural artifacts. The heterotopic markers of myth-folklore units in the structure of a literary text are studied, the stability and iteration of traditional ethnocultural codes are noted.