This study examines contemporary scientific and pedagogical theories aimed at improving physical education programs for university students. The research analyzes current methodological approaches, identifies key limitations in existing physical education curricula, and proposes evidence-based strategies for enhancement. Through a comprehensive literature review and analysis of educational practices across multiple institutions, this paper highlights the importance of integrating innovative teaching methods, personalized learning approaches, and technology-enhanced instruction in physical education. The findings suggest that a multidimensional approach addressing students' diverse needs, abilities, and interests significantly improves engagement, physical literacy, and long-term health outcomes. The study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on effective physical education practices in higher education and offers practical recommendations for educators and policymakers seeking to optimize physical education programs for university students.